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Overview of Entrepreneurial Failure: From an Attributional Perspective
Jing Li,
Jiangyu Huang,
Jianhong Li
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
1-7
Received:
11 January 2021
Accepted:
20 January 2021
Published:
25 January 2021
Abstract: Entrepreneurial failure is a hot topic in entrepreneurship research. Existing literature on entrepreneurial failure mainly focuses on the definition of entrepreneurial failure, the analysis of the causes of entrepreneurial failure, the different attributions of failure caused by different stakeholders due to cognitive biases, and the different reentrepreneurial actions caused by these differences in attributions. Based on the above literature and attribution theory, this paper proposes that future research should explore whether differences in gender, experience background (such as educational experience, etc.) and task type affect the attribution of entrepreneurial failure, as well as the mechanism by which they influence the attribution. The failure of enterprise entrepreneurship affects the healthy and sustainable development of the economy. Based on attribution reasons, the influencing factors of entrepreneurship failure are discussed, which provides useful evidence for government policy formulation. This Attribution theory points out that the diversity of individual attributions in different situations is not only due to the complexity of individual perception and motivation, but also due to the diversity of tasks. By comparing the causes of entrepreneurial failure and the attribution theory in previous entrepreneurial failure literatures, we propose three possible research directions in the future. Studies should make an in-depth study of entrepreneurs' perceptions of failure and the impact of these perceptions on learning.
Abstract: Entrepreneurial failure is a hot topic in entrepreneurship research. Existing literature on entrepreneurial failure mainly focuses on the definition of entrepreneurial failure, the analysis of the causes of entrepreneurial failure, the different attributions of failure caused by different stakeholders due to cognitive biases, and the different reen...
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A Review of Management Earning and Real Transaction Manipulations Pre and Post IFRS Adoption in Nigeria
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
8-12
Received:
23 September 2020
Accepted:
17 November 2020
Published:
16 April 2021
Abstract: The paper examined the accounting quality in the financial statement, concerning earnings management practices by managers. The financial statements provide critical information that is useful to various groups, investors, standard setters, shareholders and government. The practices of various methods of earnings management are classified into accounting-based and market- based earnings management. The study classified the earnings management techniques in various ways that affect the quality of financial statements in the pre and post-IFRS adoption. The introduction of IFRS and its accompanying standards in the area of earnings management might imply real improvements in the financial statements about the quality. The earnings management techniques include the following: earnings management towards a target, earnings smoothing, discretionary accruals, accruals quality, and timely loss recognition as against other proxies of accounting quality. These are opportunities managers have to get quality Financial Statements that accomplish their intentions. The essence is that they use them to achieve their objectives either getting the desired level of profit or not recording losses for the business. The review results are that in the pre-IFRS the earnings management in use was the accrual-based earnings technique in which managers adjust assumptions and estimates the accounting system. In the post-IFRS, managers revert to real transactions based earnings management which involves the timing and structuring actual business activities to achieve a desired financial reporting result (for example, the timing of the sale of equipment that will result in a gain in a quarter in which extra earnings are needed, delaying major repairs, advertising, research, and development expenses write–off, and foregoing capital projects that positive net present value).
Abstract: The paper examined the accounting quality in the financial statement, concerning earnings management practices by managers. The financial statements provide critical information that is useful to various groups, investors, standard setters, shareholders and government. The practices of various methods of earnings management are classified into acco...
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Nexus Between Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in Nigeria: The Role of Exchange Rate
Nya’akunat Elisha-Hosea Batat,
Ezekiel Ahmadu
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2021
Pages:
13-21
Received:
14 January 2021
Accepted:
6 February 2021
Published:
23 April 2021
Abstract: Having reviewed previous empirical studies on the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth, limited attention was given on the role of exchange rate on the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth. Therefore this study investigates the role of exchange rate on the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth over the period 1986 to 2018 using annual time series data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin. Augmented Dicker-fuller Unit Root Test and ARDL model were used for the analyses. The ARDL Bounds test to cointegration revealed that economic growth, foreign direct investment, export, import and exchange rate do not have long run relationship over the period under study. The results showed that foreign direct investment has positive relationship with economic growth at maximum, average and minimum level of exchange rate but the relationship is only significant at maximum level over the period under study. This means that at maximum level of exchange rate, an increase in foreign direct investment will lead to a risein economic growth. The results also showed that export has significant positive relationship with economic growth meaning that an increase in export will lead to a rise in economic growth while import showed insignificant negative relationship with economic growth. Based on the results, the study recommended that further depreciation of Nigeria’s currency should be encourage so as to allow more inflow of foreign direct investment considering its positive impact on economic growth while the Nigerian Government is encouraged to design and implement policies that will spur export by eliminating stringent excise duties and discouraging import which exerts negative influence on economic growth.
Abstract: Having reviewed previous empirical studies on the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth, limited attention was given on the role of exchange rate on the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth. Therefore this study investigates the role of exchange rate on the relationship between foreign dire...
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