The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir; Tim Cuttings Agber

doi:doi:10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13

| Peer-Reviewed

The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir, Tim Cuttings Agber

Published in Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 3 December 2015 Accepted: 11 December 2015 Published: 25 December 2015

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Communication used to form a crucial part of the constituents of social administration of the Tiv society. The Tiv communication as a means of passing information or knowledge from one person or a group of persons to another through the Tiv language, music, dance, symbols and signs was predicated chiefly upon the Tiv indigenous Religious canon. Communication was and is still one of the important aspects of the Tiv social setting among the Kunav Mega Clan of the Tiv people who used different ways to pass information from one entity to another among the populace. Consequently, due to the importance of communication to the people, technological innovations were drastically improved to invent better means or devices of communication and Indyer was invented from the earlier Gbagede and Ilyu. The Indyer was paramount among different means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya and as such any message coming from the beating of Indyer (Indyer í Tan or Kuhan) was considered with grave seriousness. The study looks at the effect of Indyer as a means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya local government area of Benue state, Nigeria. A sample of 363 Tiv people of Vandeikya was drawn using random sampling technique. Apparently, mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while Chi-Square was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study discovered that Indyer has significant effect as a mean of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria however, there are potential challenges affecting it. It was recommended that the Federal Government of Nigeria should discard the International Intellectual Property Laws such as The Paris Convention and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPs) and develop its IP laws to be in conformity with indigenous practices and what is obtainable in the Nigerian folds and Christian converts and leaders should accept Indyer as a technological device not a fetish component.

Published in	Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13
Page(s)	299-306
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Indyer, Tiv People, Vandeikya, Indigenous Communication Modes

References

[1]	Agber, T. C. & Mase, I. E. (2014). Tiv types and methods of fishing in Vandeikya local government area. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/8545047/Tiv_Types_and_Methods_of_ Fishing_In_Vandeikya_Local_Government_Area.
[2]	Agber, T. C., Udu, T. T., Fiase, G. A. & Aniho, T. T. (2015). Tiv traditional religion and its contribution to the trado-educational and technological development of the Tiv society. Humanities and Social Sciences, 3 (5), 215-224.
[3]	Agber, T. C., Ugbagir, N. N., Mngutyô, J. N. and Amaakaven, F. G. (2014). Acquisition of audiovisual materials on the Tiv Tyumbun magic rite by the public libraries in Benue State of Nigeria. LIBRI, 64 (4), 408-419.
[4]	Agera, S. I. N., Adegeye, A. O. & Jimoh S. O. (2009). Deforestation trends in forest estates of Vandeikya local government, Benue state, Nigeria. Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, (1), 46-55.
[5]	Ahamefula, N. O., Okoye, C. L., Onwuegbuchunam, M. O. & Uzoigwe, B. C. (2014). Preliminary study on the use of sound and acoustics in Igbo cultural communication. Innovare Journal of Social Sciences, 2 (3), 35-39.
[6]	Ashalatha, D. (2015). Concept of communication. New Delhi: Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering and Technology Press.
[7]	Ayirebasia, A. (2008). The Role of Indigenous Modes of Communication in Enhancing Development Support Communication in Ghana (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). University for Development, UDS, Tamale.
[8]	Ayirebasia, A. (2008). The Role of indigenous modes of communication in enhancing development support communication in Ghana (Unpublished Master Thesis). University for Development, Tamale.
[9]	Beltran, L. R. (1974). Rural Development and Social Communication: Relationship and Strategies. Cornell, CIAT International Symposium on Communication Strategies for Rural Development. New York: Cornell University Institute for International Agriculture.
[10]	Diaz-Bordenave, J. E. (1979). Handbook of intercultural communication. New York: Sage Publications.
[11]	Emaikwu, S. O. (2015). Fundamentals of research methods and statistics. (Rev. Ed.). Makurdi: Selfers Academic Press Limited.
[12]	Finnegan, R. (1997). Oral literature in Africa. London: Oxford University Press.
[13]	Freire, P. (1985). The Politics of education: Culture, power and liberation. London: Macmillan.
[14]	Gbenda, J. S. (2005). Eschatology in Tiv traditional Religious Culture: An interpretive inquiry. Nsukka: Chuka Educational Publishers.
[15]	Hoffmann, V., (2000), Picture Supported Communication in Africa. Fundamentals, examples and recommendations for appropriate communication processes in rural development programmes in sub-Saharan Africa. Weikersheim- Germany: Margraf Publishers.
[16]	Mundy, P. & Compton, J. L. (1991). Indigenous communication and indigenous knowledge. Development Communication Report 74. Clearinghouse on Development Communication, Arlington, VA.
[17]	National Population Commission, (2009). 2006 population and housing census of the federal republic of Nigeria. Benue State priority tables (volume I). Abuja: National Population Commission Press.
[18]	Nketia, J. H. K. (1963). Drumming in Akan Communities of Ghana. Edinburgh: Thomas Nelson.
[19]	Ushe M. U. (2010). The Mortgage Culture of Tiv Death and Burial Rites. Lagos: Vast Publishers.
[20]	Ushe, M. N (2005). Between Continuity and change: A Comparism of Tiv and Christian’s concept of Death and Burial Rites (Unpublished Doctorate Dissertation). University of Jos.
[21]	Ushe, M. N. (2007). Kpor of Tiv culture. Enugu: Sam Press.
[22]	Ushe, M. U. (2015). The Talking Drum: An Inquiry into the reach of a traditional mode of communication. International Journal of Philosophy and Theology, 3 (1), 110-117.
[23]	Wang, G. & Dissanayake, W. (Eds.) (1984). Continuity and change in communication systems: an Asian perspective. Norwood - NJ: Ablex
[24]	Wikipedia, (2014). Vandeikya. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vandeikya.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir, Tim Cuttings Agber. (2015). The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(6), 299-306. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir; Tim Cuttings Agber. The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2015, 3(6), 299-306. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir, Tim Cuttings Agber. The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Humanit Soc Sci. 2015;3(6):299-306. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13,
  author = {Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir and Tim Cuttings Agber},
  title = {The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {299-306},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20150306.13},
  abstract = {Communication used to form a crucial part of the constituents of social administration of the Tiv society. The Tiv communication as a means of passing information or knowledge from one person or a group of persons to another through the Tiv language, music, dance, symbols and signs was predicated chiefly upon the Tiv indigenous Religious canon. Communication was and is still one of the important aspects of the Tiv social setting among the Kunav Mega Clan of the Tiv people who used different ways to pass information from one entity to another among the populace. Consequently, due to the importance of communication to the people, technological innovations were drastically improved to invent better means or devices of communication and Indyer was invented from the earlier Gbagede and Ilyu. The Indyer was paramount among different means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya and as such any message coming from the beating of Indyer (Indyer í Tan or Kuhan) was considered with grave seriousness. The study looks at the effect of Indyer as a means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya local government area of Benue state, Nigeria. A sample of 363 Tiv people of Vandeikya was drawn using random sampling technique. Apparently, mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while Chi-Square was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study discovered that Indyer has significant effect as a mean of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria however, there are potential challenges affecting it. It was recommended that the Federal Government of Nigeria should discard the International Intellectual Property Laws such as The Paris Convention and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPs) and develop its IP laws to be in conformity with indigenous practices and what is obtainable in the Nigerian folds and Christian converts and leaders should accept Indyer as a technological device not a fetish component.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria
AU  - Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir
AU  - Tim Cuttings Agber
Y1  - 2015/12/25
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 299
EP  - 306
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13
AB  - Communication used to form a crucial part of the constituents of social administration of the Tiv society. The Tiv communication as a means of passing information or knowledge from one person or a group of persons to another through the Tiv language, music, dance, symbols and signs was predicated chiefly upon the Tiv indigenous Religious canon. Communication was and is still one of the important aspects of the Tiv social setting among the Kunav Mega Clan of the Tiv people who used different ways to pass information from one entity to another among the populace. Consequently, due to the importance of communication to the people, technological innovations were drastically improved to invent better means or devices of communication and Indyer was invented from the earlier Gbagede and Ilyu. The Indyer was paramount among different means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya and as such any message coming from the beating of Indyer (Indyer í Tan or Kuhan) was considered with grave seriousness. The study looks at the effect of Indyer as a means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya local government area of Benue state, Nigeria. A sample of 363 Tiv people of Vandeikya was drawn using random sampling technique. Apparently, mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while Chi-Square was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study discovered that Indyer has significant effect as a mean of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria however, there are potential challenges affecting it. It was recommended that the Federal Government of Nigeria should discard the International Intellectual Property Laws such as The Paris Convention and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPs) and develop its IP laws to be in conformity with indigenous practices and what is obtainable in the Nigerian folds and Christian converts and leaders should accept Indyer as a technological device not a fetish component.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir

Serial Section, University Library, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
Tim Cuttings Agber

Department of Research and Publication, Time Xperts Research Consults, Abuja, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir, Tim Cuttings Agber. (2015). The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(6), 299-306. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir; Tim Cuttings Agber. The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2015, 3(6), 299-306. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir, Tim Cuttings Agber. The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. Humanit Soc Sci. 2015;3(6):299-306. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13,
  author = {Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir and Tim Cuttings Agber},
  title = {The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {299-306},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20150306.13},
  abstract = {Communication used to form a crucial part of the constituents of social administration of the Tiv society. The Tiv communication as a means of passing information or knowledge from one person or a group of persons to another through the Tiv language, music, dance, symbols and signs was predicated chiefly upon the Tiv indigenous Religious canon. Communication was and is still one of the important aspects of the Tiv social setting among the Kunav Mega Clan of the Tiv people who used different ways to pass information from one entity to another among the populace. Consequently, due to the importance of communication to the people, technological innovations were drastically improved to invent better means or devices of communication and Indyer was invented from the earlier Gbagede and Ilyu. The Indyer was paramount among different means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya and as such any message coming from the beating of Indyer (Indyer í Tan or Kuhan) was considered with grave seriousness. The study looks at the effect of Indyer as a means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya local government area of Benue state, Nigeria. A sample of 363 Tiv people of Vandeikya was drawn using random sampling technique. Apparently, mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while Chi-Square was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study discovered that Indyer has significant effect as a mean of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria however, there are potential challenges affecting it. It was recommended that the Federal Government of Nigeria should discard the International Intellectual Property Laws such as The Paris Convention and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPs) and develop its IP laws to be in conformity with indigenous practices and what is obtainable in the Nigerian folds and Christian converts and leaders should accept Indyer as a technological device not a fetish component.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Indyer as a Means of Communication Among the Tiv People of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria
AU  - Nancy Ngunan Ugbagir
AU  - Tim Cuttings Agber
Y1  - 2015/12/25
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 299
EP  - 306
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20150306.13
AB  - Communication used to form a crucial part of the constituents of social administration of the Tiv society. The Tiv communication as a means of passing information or knowledge from one person or a group of persons to another through the Tiv language, music, dance, symbols and signs was predicated chiefly upon the Tiv indigenous Religious canon. Communication was and is still one of the important aspects of the Tiv social setting among the Kunav Mega Clan of the Tiv people who used different ways to pass information from one entity to another among the populace. Consequently, due to the importance of communication to the people, technological innovations were drastically improved to invent better means or devices of communication and Indyer was invented from the earlier Gbagede and Ilyu. The Indyer was paramount among different means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya and as such any message coming from the beating of Indyer (Indyer í Tan or Kuhan) was considered with grave seriousness. The study looks at the effect of Indyer as a means of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya local government area of Benue state, Nigeria. A sample of 363 Tiv people of Vandeikya was drawn using random sampling technique. Apparently, mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while Chi-Square was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study discovered that Indyer has significant effect as a mean of communication among the Tiv people of Vandeikya Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria however, there are potential challenges affecting it. It was recommended that the Federal Government of Nigeria should discard the International Intellectual Property Laws such as The Paris Convention and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPs) and develop its IP laws to be in conformity with indigenous practices and what is obtainable in the Nigerian folds and Christian converts and leaders should accept Indyer as a technological device not a fetish component.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

Copy | Download